Also called an exotic or non-native species". The formal definition of an introduced species from the United States Environmental Protection Agency is "A species that has been intentionally or inadvertently brought into a region or area. The effects of introduced species on natural environments have gained much scrutiny from scientists, governments, farmers and others. In some instances the potential for being beneficial or detrimental in the long run remains unknown. They are called biocontrols and may be regarded as beneficial as an alternative to pesticides in agriculture for example. Some species have been introduced intentionally to combat pests. Some have a substantial negative effect on a local ecosystem (in which case they are also classified more specifically as an invasive species), while other introduced species may have little or no negative impact (no invasiveness). The impact of introduced species is highly variable. Neobiota can further be divided into neozoa (also: neozoons, sing. The Latin expression neobiota captures the characteristic that these species are new biota to their environment in terms of established biological network (e.g. The process of human-caused introduction is distinguished from biological colonization, in which species spread to new areas through "natural" (non-human) means such as storms and rafting. Introduced species that become established and spread beyond the place of introduction are considered naturalized. Non-native species can have various effects on the local ecosystem. Cattle Bos primigenius taurus introduced but not naturalized worldwide Sweet clover ( Melilotus sp.), introduced and naturalized in the Americas from Europe as a forage and cover cropĪn introduced species, alien species, exotic species, adventive species, immigrant species, foreign species, non-indigenous species, or non-native species is a species living outside its native distributional range, but which has arrived there by human activity, directly or indirectly, and either deliberately or accidentally. For life on planets other than Earth, see Extraterrestrial life.
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